What is Electromagnet and it's Applications?
Welcone back friends in the World of Why and How with your host - Science Cinch. Today we will see some astonishing characteristics and use of electromagnets. Let's begin!
Most of us noticed that, a compass needle usually point North & South directions, if there are no other magnets near it. But, if there are magnets near compass, the needle will be attracted towards them and will point in a different direction or be deflected. Similarly, if a compass was held near a wire carrying an electric current, the needle was deflected. But if the current was switched off the needle swung back and pointed North-South again. This meant that the current passing through the wire produces a magnetic field. This is Ampere's law, which states that the magnetic field created by an electric current is proportional to the size of that electric current, with a constant of proportionality equal to the permeability of free space. Electromagnets uses this concept, usually an electromagnet consist - wire wound into a coil on a core. A current through the wire creates a magnetic field and the coil become a magnet. This is known as an electromagnet. The magnetic field is concentrated in the hole in the center of the coil. The magnetic field disappears when the current is turned off. The core usually made from a ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic material such as iron.
1. Used in Computer Hardware and Memory Storage Devices. In these devices, data are stored in electromagnetic format in bits and bytes form. Even the computer hard ware is having a magnetic tape which works on the electromagnetic principle. Not limiting to this, the olden day VCR’s are having huge rolls of magnetic tapes, which had data in it. This can be recorded or read by electromagnetic means only. Also the computer and Televisions use high current electromagnets to produce a beam of electrons from the cathode ray tube. You can see how much useful it is in our day to day life.
2. Power Circuits and Communication Devices. The telephones and mobiles we use to make a call over huge distances could have not taken shape without electromagnetism. The interaction of the signals and the electromagnetic pulses, make the telephones and mobiles very handy. In power circuits, we use a device called relays, which has the potential to cut down a large current to the load, with the application of small amount of current. A small magnetic coil, which when energized, makes or breaks contact, thus doing a greater amount of work on the other end.
3. Not to forget the usage of electromagnetism in medical field. Everyone must have heard of MRI scans. MRI- is the acronym for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. This sophisticated equipment can scan any minute details in the human body on the principle of electromagnetism.
4. Modern day fast trains under operation in Japan and Germany are hugely dependent on the electromagnetic principle.
4. Electric fan, the motor works on the principle of electromagnetic induction, which keeps it rotating on and on and thus making the blade hub of the fan to rotate, blowing air.
5. Electric door bell works on this principle too. When the door bell button is put on, the coil gets energized, and due to the electromagnetic forces, the bell sounds.
6. The loudspeaker which we use for public announcements in meetings, or to transmit message over a long distance, is a perfect example for an electromagnetic appliance. The movement of the coil under the electromagnetic force produces sound which is heard over a very long distance.
7. Also the modern way of locking the door or a bank safe is to have a magnetic locking device. Either they may be having a number secret code or a magnetic card which when swiped opens the door. The number keys are stored in the magnetic tape on the back of the card, interacts with the magnetic card reader in the door. When the data stored on the card and the memory matches, the door opens. Similar principle is used in the bank’s safe lockers.
So, we can say that an electromagnet and Electromagnetism as a whole are very essential part of our life. Without there use, modern man cannot consider himself. Thank you for your time!
Comments
Post a Comment